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FluxSpace: Disentangled Semantic Editing in Rectified Flow Transformers

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AI Generated ๐Ÿค— Daily Papers Computer Vision Image Generation ๐Ÿข Virginia Tech
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Table of Contents

2412.09611
Yusuf Dalva et el.
๐Ÿค— 2024-12-16

โ†— arXiv โ†— Hugging Face โ†— Papers with Code

TL;DR
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Key Takeaways
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Why does it matter?
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Visual Insights
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๐Ÿ”ผ FluxSpace๋Š” Flux์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •๋ฅ˜ ํ๋ฆ„ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋™๋ฌผ, ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์  ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋‚ด์šฉ(์˜ˆ: ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ‘ํŠธ๋Ÿญ’)์„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์›๋ณธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์–ฝํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ถ”๋ก  ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 1: FluxSpace. We propose a text-guided image editing approach on rectified flow transformers [14], such as Flux. Our method can generalize to semantic edits on different domains such as humans, animals, cars, and extends to even more complex scenes such as an image of a street (third row, first example). FluxSpace can apply edits described as keywords (e.g. โ€œtruckโ€ for transforming a car into a truck) and offers disentangled editing capabilities that do not require manually provided masks to target a specific aspect in the original image. In addition, our method does not require any training and can apply the desired edit during inference time.
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๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ํ‘œ๋Š” FluxSpace๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ธก์ •์€ CLIP-T, CLIP-I, DINO ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ์ •๋ ฌ ๋ฐ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ๋ณด์กด ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ต ๋Œ€์ƒ์—๋Š” Latent Diffusion ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(LEDITS++, TurboEdit)๊ณผ Flow-Matching ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(Sliders-FLUX, RF-Inversion)์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ FluxSpace๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionTable 1: Quantitative Results. We quantitatively measure the editing performance of our method over competing approaches both in terms of text alignment using CLIP-T [34], and content preservation using CLIP-I [34] and DINO [7] metrics where higher is better for all metrics. We compare our method with both latent diffusion [6, 11], and flow-matching-based approaches [16, 37]. Overall, our method strikes a good balance in terms of alignment with the editing prompt and content preservation. Supplementary to these metrics, we also present a user study as a perceptual evaluation that aligns with our claims regarding edit performance, where our method outperforms the competing approaches.

In-depth insights
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Rectified Flows
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Rectified Flows๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ƒ์„ฑ์—์„œ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ ๋ถ„ํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋กœ์˜ ์ง์„  ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. GAN๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ latent space๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  multi-step refinement process๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์€ ๊ณ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ƒ์„ฑ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, latent space์˜ ํ•ด์„๊ณผ ํŽธ์ง‘์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์„ ์ง€๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Flux์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ flow-matching transformer๋Š” rectified flow๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ์ถฉ์‹ค๋„์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ rectified flow model์—์„œ์˜ disentangled editing์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์  ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

FluxSpace Editing
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FluxSpace ํŽธ์ง‘์€ ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ํŠธ๋žœ์Šคํฌ๋จธ์—์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ์–ดํ…์…˜ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘(์˜ˆ: ๋ฏธ์†Œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€)๊ณผ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋œ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์–ดํ…์…˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์˜ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ž‘์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ์—†์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ค‘์— ์ ์ง„์ ์ธ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ดํ…์…˜ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ์˜๋ฏธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ฝ”๋”ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ์ฒด ์†์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์กฐ์ • ๋˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๋งจํ‹ฑ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, FluxSpace๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์…€ํ”„ ๊ฐ๋… ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„ํ‹ฐํŒฉํŠธ ์—†์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Disentanglement
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๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•™์Šต์€ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ์–ฝํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ํŠน์ • ํŠน์ง•(์˜ˆ: ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ‰๊น”, ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ์ฐฉ์šฉ ์—ฌ๋ถ€)์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์ง•์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ดˆ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ตœ์‹  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ํŠธ๋žœ์Šคํฌ๋จธ ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์™€ ์–ดํ…์…˜ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•™์Šต์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ๋”์šฑ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‹ค์ œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€, ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋น„์šฉ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Linearity in Attn
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์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์ •์€ FluxSpace์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ดํ…์…˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐํ•ฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์  ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์  ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์ž‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์€ ์–ดํ…์…˜ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ œํ•œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ณ ์ฐจ์› ์–ดํ…์…˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฐ€์ •์ด ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ๊ณผ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋”์šฑ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์€ FluxSpace์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Ethical Concerns
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์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋™์‹œ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์กฐ์ž‘์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์•…์˜์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ์ธ์ •๋ณด ์นจํ•ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์šฐ๋ ค ์‚ฌํ•ญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜ ์—†์ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•…์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ˆ์œ„ ์ •๋ณด๋„ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์งœ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋ก ์„ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ํ›ผ์†์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์›๋ณธ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์œค๋ฆฌ ์ง€์นจ๊ณผ ๊ทœ์ œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

More visual insights
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More on figures

๐Ÿ”ผ FluxSpace ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋Š” Flux์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํŠธ๋žœ์Šคํฌ๋จธ ๋ธ”๋ก ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ด์ค‘ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ์‹œ๊ฐ ํŽธ์ง‘๊ณผ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์นœ ํŽธ์ง‘์€ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์—ญ์  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์กฐ๊ฑด(c_pool)๊ณผ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์กฐ๊ฑด(c_e,pool)์˜ ํ’€๋ง๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ฮป_coarse๋กœ ์ œ์–ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(a). ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ, ์ด์ „ ๋ฐ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ฃผ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํ˜• ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ •์˜๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ฮป_fine์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•ˆ๋‚ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(b). ์ด ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์„ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ • ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ๊ณผ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 2: FluxSpace Framework. The FluxSpace framework introduces a dual-level editing scheme within the joint transformer blocks of Flux, enabling coarse and fine-grained visual editing. Coarse editing operates on pooled representations of base (cpโขoโขoโขlsubscript๐‘๐‘๐‘œ๐‘œ๐‘™c_{pool}italic_c start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_p italic_o italic_o italic_l end_POSTSUBSCRIPT) and edit (ce,pโขoโขoโขlsubscript๐‘๐‘’๐‘๐‘œ๐‘œ๐‘™c_{e,pool}italic_c start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_e , italic_p italic_o italic_o italic_l end_POSTSUBSCRIPT) conditions, allowing global changes like stylization, controlled by the scale ฮปcโขoโขaโขrโขsโขesubscript๐œ†๐‘๐‘œ๐‘Ž๐‘Ÿ๐‘ ๐‘’\lambda_{coarse}italic_ฮป start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_c italic_o italic_a italic_r italic_s italic_e end_POSTSUBSCRIPT (a). For fine-grained editing, we define a linear editing scheme using base, prior, and edit attention outputs, guided by scale ฮปfโขiโขnโขesubscript๐œ†๐‘“๐‘–๐‘›๐‘’\lambda_{fine}italic_ฮป start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_f italic_i italic_n italic_e end_POSTSUBSCRIPT (b). With this flexible design, our framework is both able to perform coarse-level and fine-grained editing, with a linearly adjustable scale.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด ํŽธ์ง‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์„ฑ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŒํ™” ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ์–ฝํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์›๋ณธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์†์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†์„ฑ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰์€ ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ, ์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค, ์ˆ˜์—ผ, ๋ฏธ์†Œ, ๋†€๋ž€ ํ‘œ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰์€ ๋‚˜์ด, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘, ๊ด‘๋Œ€ ๋ถ„์žฅ, ๋งŒํ™” ์Šคํƒ€์ผ, 3D ๋งŒํ™” ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 3: Qualitative Results on Face Editing. Our method can perform a variety of edits from fine-grained face editing (e.g. adding eyeglasses) to changes over the overall structure of the image (e.g. comics style). As our method utilizes disentangled representations to perform image editing, we can precisely edit a variety of attributes while preserving the properties of the original image.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค๊ณผ ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ต ๋Œ€์ƒ์—๋Š” LEDITS++, TurboEdit, Sliders-FLUX, RF-Inversion์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ‘๋ฏธ์†Œ’, ‘์•ˆ๊ฒฝ’, ‘๋‚˜์ด’์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์›๋ž˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ž˜ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 4: Qualitative Comparisons. We compare our method both with latent diffusion-based approaches (LEDITS++ [6] and TurboEdit [11]) and flow-based methods (Sliders-FLUX [16] and RF-Inversion [37]) in terms of their disentangled editing capabilities. We present qualitative results for smile, eyeglasses, and age edits where our method succeeds over competing methods in both reflecting the semantic and preserving the input identity.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. RF-Inversion[37]์˜ ์—ญ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ FluxSpace๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋™์ผํ•œ ์—ญ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ์„ค์ •์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ FluxSpace๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด, ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŽธ์ง‘์—์„œ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์—†์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘๋งŒ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 5: Real Image Editing. By integrating FluxSpace on the inversion approach proposed by RF-Inversion [37], we extend our method for real image editing task. As we show qualitatively, our method achieves improved disentanglement over the performed edits compared to the baseline approach, where we use identical hyperparameters for the inversion task on both approaches.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋„์ž…๋œ ํ•˜์ดํผํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ˆ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์นœ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ(ฮปcโขoโขaโขrโขsโขe), ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ(ฮปfโขiโขnโขe), ๋งˆ์Šคํ‚น ๊ณ„์ˆ˜(ฯ„m) ๋ฐ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์‹œ์ž‘ ์‹œ์ (t)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ˆ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ ˆ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€์ •๋œ ํ•˜์ดํผํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ป์€ ์ •์„ฑ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 6: Ablation Study. We present ablations over the hyperparameters introduced within the FluxSpace framework. Specifically, we perform ablations on coarse editing scale ฮปcโขoโขaโขrโขsโขesubscript๐œ†๐‘๐‘œ๐‘Ž๐‘Ÿ๐‘ ๐‘’\lambda_{coarse}italic_ฮป start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_c italic_o italic_a italic_r italic_s italic_e end_POSTSUBSCRIPT, fine-grained editing scale ฮปfโขiโขnโขesubscript๐œ†๐‘“๐‘–๐‘›๐‘’\lambda_{fine}italic_ฮป start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_f italic_i italic_n italic_e end_POSTSUBSCRIPT, masking coefficient ฯ„msubscript๐œ๐‘š\tau_{m}italic_ฯ„ start_POSTSUBSCRIPT italic_m end_POSTSUBSCRIPT and timestep t๐‘กtitalic_t when the editing is initiated. For all ablations, we report qualitative results for changing values of the specified hyperparameters.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค์ •: ํŽธ์ง‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŽธ์ง‘์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์›๋ณธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ 1์—์„œ 5๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์ปคํŠธ ์ฒ™๋„์—์„œ 1์€ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํŽธ์ง‘, 5๋Š” ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํŽธ์ง‘์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ์™ผ์ชฝ์€ ‘์›ƒ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”’ ์›๋ณธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ด๊ณ , ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์€ ‘์›ƒ๋Š”’ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์›๋ณธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด ํŠน์ง•(์˜ˆ: ํ—ค์–ด์Šคํƒ€์ผ, ์ˆ˜์—ผ, ์˜ท)์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ‘์›ƒ์Œ’์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ 1์ (๋งค์šฐ ์•„๋‹˜)์—์„œ 5์ (๋งค์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค)๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 7: User Study Setup. We conduct our user study on unedited-edited image pairs. For each editing method, we provide the original image where the edit is not applied, with the edited image, and ask the users to rate the edit from a scale of 1-to-5. On the Likert scale that the users are asked to provide their preference on, 1 corresponds to unsatisfactory editing and 5 corresponds to a satisfactory edit.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŽธ๋ณต์› ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(Prompt2Prompt, PnP-Diffusion)๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ disentangled ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ •์„ฑ์  ๋น„๊ต ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FluxSpace๋Š” ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ๋‚˜์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ์›๋ณธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋น„๊ต ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ์•„ํ‹ฐํŒฉํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ์‚ฌ์ฒด์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ํŽธ์ง‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‘ ๋น„๊ต ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•„ํ‹ฐํŒฉํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚˜์ด ํŽธ์ง‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”ผ์‚ฌ์ฒด์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 8: Additional Qualitative Comparisons. In addition to comparisons provided in the main paper, we provide additional comparisons with Prompt2Prompt [18] (with Null-Text Inversion [27]) and PnP-Diffusion [39], as Stable Diffusion based editing methods. As we demonstrate qualitatively, FluxSpace both achieves disentangled and semantically correct edits where competing methods contain artifacts in edited results (see the edit โ€œEyeglassesโ€ for both methods), and significantly alter the subject identity (see โ€œAgeโ€ edit).

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ธ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๊ตด ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŽธ์ง‘๊ณผ ๋ฌด๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘๋งŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 9: Gender Editing Results. We provide additional editing results for editing the gender semantics. As shown in the examples, our method succeeds in both male-to-female and female-to-male translations. We provide editing results on both portrait images, where our edits preserve the facial details, and edits on complex scenes where we succeed in only editing the human subject. Both in terms of preserving the identity of the subject and the background details, FluxSpace succeeds in the disentanglement editing task.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace์˜ ‘์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ์ถ”๊ฐ€’ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ •์„ฑ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ํ”ผ์‚ฌ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด FluxSpace๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ ์—†์ด๋„ ํŽธ์ง‘์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํƒ€๊ฒŸํŒ…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‘ ํ–‰์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ํ”ผ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‘ ํ–‰์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ํ”ผ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋ฉด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ FluxSpace๋Š” ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŽธ์ง‘๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 10: Sunglasses Editing Results. We provide additional qualitative results for the edit โ€œadding sunglassesโ€. As we demonstrate on human subjects in both portrait images and more complex scenes, our editing method can accurately target where the edit should be applied without any input mask. We show the editing capabilities of FluxSpace both in images where the human subject is the main focus of the image (first two rows) and with human subjects as a part of a scene (last two rows). In both cases, our method succeeds in performing the desired edit and preserving the edit-irrelevant details.

๐Ÿ”ผ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ FluxSpace๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰์€ ํŽธ์ง‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘(์˜ˆ: ‘๋ฒš๊ฝƒ’ ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด)์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ , ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

read the captionFigure 11: Conceptual Editing Results. We provide editing results with abstract concepts, that affect the overall appearance of the image. Our method succeeds in performing edits that alter the content of the image (top row) by being able to interpret the structures in the unedited image (e.g. the trees on the back for the edit โ€œcherry blossomโ€) and can change the style and overall appearance of the image (bottom row).

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